Ganisuta

The sands of time shall not seperate us from each other.nizhulasyna kuvisi shanusuna gisu shukau

— Opening of a love letter written in Ganisuta

Ganisuta, is a dialect of the common tongue. It emerged in the early part of the The Reign of Bornate as a language shared between lovers of the Carenvale family, and became synonymous with the family and their reign in the region.

Dictionary

4 Words.

Ganisuta

Language Family	Common
Parent Lanuage	Common
Script	Celando
Spoken By	People of Carenvale Fields Duchy of Carenvale

History

The basic ideas of Ganisuta started between Eviadorra Carenvale and her lover Tyserrion Northstar. It started as a way of sending encoded communication by using a language that the two had agreed similar but different to the common tongue. Much of this was the removal of particular sounds and changing the word order to a different format. This communication carried on for at least three years, upon which point the two were wed, sharing in these letters still to keep their love flourishing.
As the Bornassi continued in power, Ganisuta became more common as secretive communiction between the three noble houses of the Carenvale Fields, Carenvale, Northstar, and Dendrid. The lanauge changed and adapted, with some words being changed to fit the smaller sound selection and obscuring the meaning behind new and complex words.
The communication was never fully decodded by the Bornassi before the excommunication of the three families from their homes. During the Ruby Rebellion, Ganisuta was used throughout the Carenvale Fields and beyond to communications between all aspects of the Rebellion. As a result of this, the dialect became the core language of the Fields and has remained as one of the most commonly spoken second languages in the region.

Phonology

Consonants

• Nasals: m, n
• Plosives: p, b, t, d, k, g
• Fricatives: f, v, θ, s, z, ʃ, ʒ
• Approximants: l, j, ɹ

Vowels

• Monothongs: a, i, ə, u

Phonotactics

Syllable Structure

1. The syllable structure is (C) V.
2. C contains all available consonants.
3. V contains all vowels.
4. In the Onset, there is no clustering.

Romanisation

m → <m>
n → <n>
p → <p>
b → <b>
t → <t>
d → <d>
k → <k>

g → <g>
f → <f>
v → <v>
θ → <th>
s → <s>
z → <z>
ʃ → <sh>

ʒ → <zh>
ɹ → <r>
l → <l>
j → <j>
a → <a>
ə → <y>
i → <i>
u → <u>

Grammar

Word Order: Verb-Subject-Object
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: Preposition comes before the noun
Possessor/Possessed: The Possessor comes before the Possessed

Demonstratives: Demonstratives come before the noun
Numerals: Numerals come before the noun.
Relative Clause: Relative clauses come after the noun
Cases: Gramatical cases come after the noun.

Nouns

Nouns have 5 possible cases:

1. Nominative Case: subject of a verb.
2. Accusative Case: direct object of a verb.
3. Genitive Case: possessor of another noun.
4. Locative Case: location, either physical or temporal.
5. Instrumental Case: a means or tool used while performing an action.

Often declension is ommitted allowing for obsfucation through context rather than a specific case marking. However, some use case marking to impose a free word order on the language, choosing obfuscation through additional elements of the language. For many case becomes a core part of the writing, while for others this makes it nearly impossible to decode as some will use a combination of case marking and free word order to heighten confusion.

Declension (Vowel Final)

Nouns can never end in a consonant due to the syllabic structure, therefore declension can only ever be Vowel Final.

Case	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	No Suffix	Suffix: /na/	Suffix: /nu/
Accusative	Suffix: /sa/	Suffix: /sana/	Suffix: /suna/
Genitive	Suffix: /si/	Suffix: /so/	Suffix: /sova/
Locative	Suffix: /ka/	Suffix: /kau/	Suffix: /kasu/
Instrumental	Suffix: /ta/	Suffix: /tha/	Suffix: /thy/

Numbers

Ganisuta has a base-5 number system. This was decided to make it easier to count numbers on one hand

Number	Ganisuta
0	nu
1	ky
2	mi
3	sa
4	ry
10	mata
100	jata
1000	kata

When numbers go to a higher context place, the number is said as "X of Y" where X is a base digit, and Y is the place. For example, to say 2 of 100, 4 of 10 and 1 it would be:

mi jata ry mata ky
two twenty-fives, four fives, and one

This is the denary number 71, with larger numbers requiring much more places. This is why many Ganisuta numbers are mono or dual syllabic words.

Verbs

Stative	Future	Present	Past
Perfective	Future stem+ to	Present stem	Past stem + ta
Imperfective	Future Habitual stem + si	Habitual stem + sy	Past Habitual stem + sa

Dynamic	Future	Present	Past
Perfective	Future stem+ tona	Present stem + na	Past stem + tana
Imperfective	Future Imperfective stem + sina	Imperfective stem + syna	Past Imperfective stem + sana

Pronouns

Singular

1st Person	2nd Person	3rd Person
su /su/	ma /ma/	fa /fa/

Dual

1st Person	2nd Person	3rd Person
suna /su'na/	mana /ma'na/	fana /fa'na/

Plural

1st Person	2nd Person	3rd Person
gisu /gi'su/	rima /ri'ma/	ifaju /i'faju/

Writing System

Celando

Celando is an abugida that was first developed as a cryptographic cipher by Eviadorra Carenvale as a young child. She used the script to make up coded letters for at least a century, developing it so that certain symbols contained the meaning of several different sounds within the one symbol. Eventually as Ganisuta was first developed, the writing script took a more consistent form.
The writing script has an implied vowel of y or /ə/ to all written consonants, with a diacritic added above or below the symbol to change the vowel at the end of the consonant. A vowel written by itself would have a unique symbol. Each consonant symbol is box-like in nature, with the interior elements defining the meaning of the symbol. This led to a system where syllables strung together would fit within the same box, flowing from top to bottom. This developed into the current writing system, where Celando is written from top to bottom, with a marking between each word to define its end.

Dictionary

Key: adj. adjective / adv. adverb / art. article / conj. conjunction / det. determiner / interj. interjection / n. noun / num. numeral / prep. preposition / pron. pronoun / v. verb